Urbanization and Slums

The formation of slums are large number in developing countries rapidly urbanizing regions. The urban population in the world is rising, in the next three decades 60% urban population of the world will be in Asia, particularly in China and India. It is estimated that one third of the world’s population or one billion people are living in slum or squatter settlements. The largest slums population in the world is in the Asian region. which is almost 60% of the world’s total population. Urbanisation increasing in India because of rapidly growth in the services sector, due to which the population of cities are growing drastically. Delhi is the 6th largest metropolitan city in the world, and one third of its populations are living in slums with no basic facilities. Slums are illegal urban settlements considered as an integral part of urbanization. The slums areas have been become as a general urban phenomena throughout the globe. Urbanization means shifting the population from rural areas to urban are in search of better jobs, work and facilities. Due to the urbanization cities face the adverse outcomes of overpopulation, shortage of housing, shortage of basic amenities, environment pollution, unemployment and criminal activity. nutritional quality and quantity are very poor in the slums areas in comparison to other urban areas. levels of hunger and food insecurity remained high in slum areas and the people are prone to suffer from diseases like Typhoid and cholera, Cancer and HIV/AIDS. women and children from slums areas can be victims of social evils like prostitution, and Child trafficking. Slum areas are generally high incidence of crime due to the lack of education, law and order, and government services. the majority of slum population work in the informal sector, which does not provide any financial security and others facilities for a decent living, so slums people remain in vicious cycle of poverty. Now Government has been thinking and taking new Initiatives for Slum Dwellers such as Pradhan Mantri Garib Kalyan Yojana, PM- Awas Yojana Urban. Improving sanitation by opening clinics and healthcare facilities. Government should take new approaches to urban planning and to build sustainable, robust and inclusive infrastructure for the urban development.